According to President Trump, “Tariff is the most beautiful word in the dictionary.” Throughout his presidential campaign, Trump promised to use tariffs as a central part of his foreign policy strategy. His America First Trade Policy memorandum also directs the administration to review various tariff- and tariff-adjacent levers the United States could use to further its new trade policy.

Reed Smith’s International Trade and National Security team tracks the latest threatened and implemented U.S. tariffs, as well as counter-tariffs from other countries around the world.

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Country-specific tariffs | Product-specific tariffs | Reciprocal tariff exemptions | Tariff stacking | Updates and relevant publications

Country-specific tariffs

🔔 Updated: January 20, 2026 at 11:06 AM ET

Litigation update (Sept. 9, 2025): On August 29, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (1) affirmed the Court of International Trade’s (CIT) holding that “fentanyl” and reciprocal tariffs exceed the President’s authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act; (2) affirmed the CIT’s grant of declaratory relief that the “fentanyl” and reciprocal tariff executive orders are “invalid as contrary to law; and (3) vacated the CIT’s permanent injunction that universally enjoined the tariffs’ enforcement, remanding for the CIT to further evaluate the propriety and scope of injunctive relief in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in Trump v. CASA, Inc., 145 S. Ct. 2540 (2025). The Federal Circuit stayed its ruling pending further appeal by the government. The Supreme Court heard oral argument in the pending appeal on November 5.

Country Type & Status Ad Valorem Rate 1 Exemptions & Notes Announced Countermeasures

All Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Apr. 5, 2025; amended June 16, 2025) 10% baseline See exemptions below

Baseline may be replaced by country-specific rate below

Details ▸

Transshipment penalty:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 40% In lieu of the baseline or country-specific rate

Details ▸

Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Aug. 25, 2025) TBD All products from any country that imposes a digital services tax (DST)

Secondary (Russian-origin goods):

Threatened to start Sept. 2

(July 14, 2025) 100% All products from any country that purchases Russian-origin goods

Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% May apply to products from any country that imports Venezuelan oil

Details ▸

Secondary (Russian oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 30, 2025) 25–50% May apply to products from any country that imports Russian oil

Russia-related sanctions:

Threatened

(Jan. 7, 2026) 500% If the Sanctioning Russia Act of 2025 passes Congress and is signed into law, the President can impose the tariff on imports from any country that knowingly sells, supplies, transfers, or purchases Russian-origin oil, uranium, natural gas, petroleum products, or petrochemical products.

Secondary (Iranian oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 30, 2025) 25–50% May apply to products from any country that imports Iranian oil

Secondary (business with Iran):

Threatened

(Jan. 12, 2026) 25% May apply to products from any country that does business with Iran

Afghanistan Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Algeria Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 30% See exemptions below

Angola Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Austria Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Bangladesh Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 20% See exemptions below

Belarus Reciprocal:

Exempt

(effective Apr. 5, 2025)

Bolivia Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Bosnia and Herzegovina Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 30% See exemptions below

Botswana Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Brazil

Sec. 301 Invest. Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

“Free speech”:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 6, 2025) 40% Exemptions:

(a) products classified in the 8-digit HTSUS subheadings listed in Annex I to Exec. Order 14323 (revised Nov. 20, 2025)

(b) products subject to Section 232 tariffs

Details ▸

Threatened

50% on U.S.-origin goods

(July 10, 2025)

BRICS 2 Additional:

Threatened

(July 7, 2025) 10%

Brunei Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 25% See exemptions below

Cambodia

Trade Deal Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 19% See exemptions below

Exemptions:

products listed by HTSUS classification that satisfy the scope limitations in Annex I, Schedule 2 of the reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and Cambodia

(announced Oct. 26, 2025)

Cameroon Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Canada Reciprocal:

Exempt

(effective Apr. 5, 2025)

“Fentanyl”:

Implemented

(effective Mar. 4, 2025; adjusted Mar. 6, 2025 and Aug. 1, 2025) 0% for goods entered duty-free under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)

10% for energy, energy resources, and potash

35% for all other products Threatened rate increase (Oct. 25, 2025): President Trump threatened to increase Canada’s “fentanyl” tariff rate by an additional 10%. Repealed

“Fentanyl” and steel and aluminum surtaxes, as well as the surtax on CAD $30 billion in goods imported from the United States

(effective Sept. 1, 2025)

Implemented

25% automobile surtax

Withdrawn

Ontario’s 25% surcharged on energy exports

(Mar. 11, 2025)

Details ▸

Transshipment penalty:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 1, 2025) 40% In lieu of the applicable “fentanyl” tariff

Details ▸

Additional:

Threatened

(June 27, 2025) TBD

Additional (dairy and lumber):

Threatened

(Mar. 7, 2025) 250%

Chad Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

China

Trade Deal

Sec. 301 Invest. Reciprocal:

Delayed until Nov. 10, 2026

(effective Nov. 4, 2025) 34% Goods from China (including Hong Kong and Macau) are currently subject to the 10% baseline reciprocal tariff.

Details ▸

Implemented

Will Be Suspended

10–15% tariffs on certain U.S.-origin goods

“Fentanyl”:

Implemented

(effective Feb. 4, 2025; modified Mar. 4, 2025; modified Nov. 10, 2025) 10%

Details ▸

Implemented

Imports of U.S.-origin logs suspended (effective Mar. 4., 2025)

Suspended

Critical minerals and rare earth export controls

(effective Feb. 4, 2025; modified Apr. 4, 2025; modified Oct. 10, 2025; suspended Nov. 7, 2025)

Details ▸

Section 301 (semiconductors):

Implemented

(Dec. 23, 2025) Until June 22, 2027: 0%

Effective June 23, 2027: TBD (announced by the USTR 30 days in advance) Applies by HTSUS classification

These tariffs will be in addition to any other tariffs on Chinese-origin goods that are already in effect.

Details ▸

Additional (rare earth export control countermeasure):

Threatened to start Nov. 1

(Oct. 10, 2025) 100% These tariffs will be in addition to any other tariffs on Chinese-origin goods that are already in effect.

Secondary (Russian oil):

Threatened

(Sept. 13, 2025) 50–100%

Details ▸

Additional:

Threatened

(Aug. 25, 2025) 200%

Maritime and cargo handling equipment:

Threatened

(Apr. 9, 2025) 25% See Worldwide, product-specific tariffs table below

Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Costa Rica Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Côte d’Ivoire Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Cuba Reciprocal:

Exempt

(effective Apr. 5, 2025)

Democratic Republic of Congo Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Denmark Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

Dominican Republic Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 25% See exemptions below

Ecuador

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

Announced trade deal exemptions (Nov. 13, 2025): The United States and Ecuador have agreed to a framework for a trade deal. As part of that deal, the reciprocal tariffs will be removed for certain products.

El Salvador

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

Announced trade deal exemptions (Nov. 13, 2025): The United States and El Salvador have agreed to a framework for a trade deal. As part of that deal, the reciprocal tariffs will be removed for (a) certain products that cannot be grown, mined, or naturally produced in the United States in sufficient quantities; and (b) certain products, such as textiles and apparel, that qualify as originating under the CAFTA-DR.

Equatorial Guinea Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

European Union

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate 3 ≥ 15%

15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15% See exemptions below

Exemptions:

products listed by HTSUS classification that satisfy the scope limitations in U.S. Note 2(v)(xvi)-(xix), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

(effective Sept. 1, 2025)

Details ▸

Suspended

(effective Aug. 5, 2025)

Threatened

New steel safeguards

(Oct. 7, 2025)

Details ▸

Additional:

Threatened

(May 23, 2025) 50%

Additional (alcohol products):

Threatened

(Mar. 13, 2025) 200%

Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Falkland Islands Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

Fiji Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

Finland Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

France Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

🔔 Additional (alcohol products):

Threatened

(Jan. 19, 2026) 200%

Guatemala

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

Announced trade deal exemptions (Nov. 13, 2025): The United States and Ecuador have agreed to a framework for a trade deal. As part of that deal, the reciprocal tariffs will be removed for (a) certain products that cannot be grown, mined, or naturally produced in the United States in sufficient quantities; and (b) certain products, such as textiles and apparel, that qualify as originating under the CAFTA-DR.

Germany Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

Ghana Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Guyana Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Iceland Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

India Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 25% See exemptions below

Secondary (Russian oil):

Implemented

(effective Aug. 27, 2025) 25% Exemptions:

(a) products listed in Annex II (as amended) to Exec. Order 14257

(b) products subject to Section 232 tariffs

Details ▸

Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Indonesia

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 19% See exemptions below

Details ▸

Iraq Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 35% See exemptions below

Israel Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Italy Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Japan

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025; modified Sept. 4, 2025) 0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate ≥ 15%

15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15% See exemptions below

Modified reciprocal tariff rate: retroactive to August 7

Exemptions:

(a) Aerospace exemption for products that fall under the WTO Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft (except unmanned aircraft)

(b) Secretary of Commerce authorized to exempt additional products

Details ▸

Jordan Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Kazakhstan Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 25% See exemptions below

Laos Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 40% See exemptions below

Lesotho Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Libya Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 30% See exemptions below

Liechtenstein

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Announced rate reduction (Nov. 14, 2025) : The United States, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland have agreed to a framework for a trade deal. As part of that deal, Liechtenstein’s reciprocal tariff rate will be modified to mirror that of the EU.

Madagascar Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Malawi Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Malaysia

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 19% See exemptions below

Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Mauritius Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Mexico Reciprocal:

Exempt

(effective Apr. 5, 2025)

“Fentanyl”:

Implemented

(effective Mar. 4, 2025; adjusted Mar. 6, 2025) 0% for goods entered duty-free under the USMCA

10% for potash

25% for all other products Threatened

Rate increase from 25% to 30%

(July 12, 2025)

Details ▸

Additional (“Water”):

Threatened

(Dec. 9, 2025) 5%

Moldova Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 25% See exemptions below

Mozambique Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Myanmar (Burma) Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 40% See exemptions below

Namibia Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Nauru Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Netherlands Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

Nicaragua Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 18% See exemptions below

Section 301:

Implemented

(effective Jan. 1, 2026) 0% for goods that are originating under CAFTA-DR

Jan. 1, 2026 to Dec. 31, 2026: 0%

Jan. 1, 2027 to Dec. 31, 2027: 10%

Starting Jan. 1, 2028: 15%

Details ▸

Nigeria Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

North Korea Reciprocal:

Exempt

(effective Apr. 5, 2025)

North Macedonia Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Norway Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

Pakistan

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 19% See exemptions below

Philippines

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 19% See exemptions below

Russia Reciprocal:

Exempt

(effective Apr. 5, 2025)

Ukraine-related sanctions:

Threatened

(Jan. 7, 2026) 500% If the Sanctioning Russia Act of 2025 passes Congress and is signed into law, the President can impose the tariff on all imports of Russia-origin goods.

Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Serbia Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 35% See exemptions below

South Africa Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 30% See exemptions below

South Korea

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025; modified effective Nov. 14, 2025) 0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate ≥ 15%

15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15% See exemptions below

Aerospace exemption: See U.S. Note 2(v)(xxiii)(b), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

(effective Nov. 14, 2025)

Details ▸

Singapore Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Spain Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Sri Lanka Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 20% See exemptions below

Sweden Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

Switzerland

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 39% See exemptions below

Announced rate reduction (Nov. 14, 2025) : The United States, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland have agreed to a framework for a trade deal. As part of that deal, Switzerland’s reciprocal tariff rate will be modified to mirror that of the EU.

Syria Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 41% See exemptions below

Taiwan Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 20% See exemptions below

Thailand Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 19% See exemptions below

Trinidad and Tobago Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Tunisia Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 25% See exemptions below

Turkey Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Uganda Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

United Kingdom

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 10% See exemptions below

Aerospace exemption: products that fall under the WTO Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft

(effective June 23, 2025)

Details ▸

Additional (DSTs):

Threatened

(Feb. 21, 2025) TBD

Details ▸

Additional (Greenland):

Threatened

(Jan. 17, 2026) Feb. 1 – May 31: 10%

Starting June 1: 25%

Vanuatu Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Venezuela Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Vietnam

Trade Deal

Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 20% See exemptions below

Secondary (Venezuelan oil):

Threatened

(Mar. 24, 2025) 25% Known purchaser of Venezuelan oil

Zambia Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Zimbabwe Reciprocal:

Implemented

(effective Aug. 7, 2025) 15% See exemptions below

Back to top

Worldwide, product-specific tariffs

🔔 Updated: January 14, 2026 at 7:10 PM ET

Product Status Ad Valorem Rate Scope Exemptions & Notes

Agricultural products Threatened

(Mar. 3, 2025) TBD TBD

Aluminum articles and derivative products Implemented

(effective Mar. 12, 2025; increased June 4, 2025; amended June 16, 2025) UK-origin products: 25%

Russian-origin products: 200%

All other countries: 50% See Note 19, Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

Expanded

Includes additional derivative products (effective Aug. 18, 2025) See stacking explanation below

Calculation:

(a) Aluminum tariff applies to the known value of the aluminum content

(b) Remaining value is subject to the applicable reciprocal tariff (or “fentanyl” tariff for Canadian- and Mexican-origin goods)

Exemptions:

(a) UK aerospace exemption

(effective June 23, 2025)

(b) EU aerospace exemption

(effective Sept. 1, 2025)

(c) Japan aerospace exemption

(effective Sept. 16, 2025)

Details ▸

Automobiles Implemented

(effective Apr. 3, 2025; amended June 16, 2025) 25%

Modified rate for products of EU Member States, Japan, or South Korea:

(EU rate effective Aug. 1, 2025; Japan rate effective Sept. 16, 2025; South Korea rate effective Nov. 1, 2025)

0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate ≥ 15%

15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15%

See Note 33(a)-(e), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

See stacking explanation below

Calculation: If the product qualifies for preferential treatment under the USMCA, the tariff applies to the non-U.S. content.

UK aerospace exemption: products that fall under the WTO Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft

(effective June 23, 2025)

Details ▸

Automobile parts Implemented

(effective May 3, 2025; amended June 16, 2025) UK-origin products for use in UK-origin automobiles: 10% (including any most-favored nation duties)

All other countries: 25%

Modified rate for products of EU Member States, Japan, or South Korea:

(EU rate effective Aug. 1, 2025; Japan rate effective Sept. 16, 2025; South Korea rate effective Nov. 1, 2025)

0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate ≥ 15%

15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15%

See Note 33(g)-(h), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

See stacking explanation below

Exemptions:

USMCA

(effective Mar. 26, 2025)

Potential reductions:

(a) Domestic vehicle manufacturer’s import adjustment

(b) Domestic engine manufacturer’s import adjustment

Details ▸

Commercial aircraft and jet engines

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(May 13, 2025) TBD TBD

Details ▸

Copper Implemented

(effective Aug. 1, 2025) 50% See Note 36, Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies to semi-finished copper products and intensive copper derivative products by HTSUS classification See stacking explanation below

Calculation:

(a) Copper tariff applies to the known value of the copper content

(b) Remaining value is subject to the applicable reciprocal tariff (or “fentanyl” tariff for Canadian- and Mexican-origin goods)

Exemptions:

(a) EU aerospace exemption

(effective Sept. 1, 2025)

(b) Japan aerospace exemption

(effective Sept. 16, 2025)

Details ▸

Integrated circuits

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(Aug. 6, 2025) 100% TBD See semiconductors, semiconductor equipment, and derivative products below

Details ▸

iPhones Threatened

(May 23, 2025) 25% TBD

Lumber, timber, and derivative products Softwood timber and lumber

Implemented

(effective Oct. 14, 2025) 10% See Note 37(a)-(b), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

Details ▸

See stacking explanation below

Details ▸

Upholstered wooden furniture:

Implemented

(effective Oct. 14, 2025) UK-origin products: 10%

EU Member State-, Japan-, and South Korea-origin products:

(EU and Japan rate effective Oct. 14, 2025; South Korea rate effective Nov. 14, 2025; modified Dec. 31, 2025)

0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate ≥ 15%15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15%

All other countries:

25% (Oct. 14–Dec. 31, 2025)30% (starting Jan. 1, 2027)

See Note 37(c)-(d), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

Details ▸

See stacking explanation below

Details ▸

Kitchen cabinets and vanities:

Implemented

(effective Oct. 14, 2025) UK-origin products: 10%

EU Member State-, Japan-, and South Korea-origin products:

(EU and Japan rate effective Oct. 14, 2025; South Korea rate effective Nov. 14, 2025; modified Dec. 31, 2025)

0% for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate ≥ 15%15% minus Column 1 Duty Rate for all products with a Column 1 Duty Rate < 15%

All other countries:

25% (Oct. 14–Dec. 31, 2025)50% (starting Jan. 1, 2027)

See Note 37(e)-(f), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

Details ▸

See stacking explanation below

Details ▸

Maritime cargo handling equipment Intermodal chassis and chassis parts:

Delayed until Nov. 10, 2026

(effective Nov. 10, 2025) 100% See Note 31(k)(i)-(ii), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Chinese-origin products (HTSUS 8716.39.0090, 8716.90.30, 8716.90.50)

Details ▸

Ship-to-shore gantry cranes:

Delayed until Nov. 10, 2026

(effective Nov. 10, 2025) 100% HTSUS 8426.19.00

STS cranes that are:

(a) Chinese origin;

(b) manufactured, assembled, or made using Chinese-origin components; or

(c) manufactured anywhere in the world by a company owned, controlled, or substantially influenced by a Chinese national

Details ▸

Exemptions: cranes fulfilling a contract for sale executed before April 17, 2025 and entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse before April 17, 2027

Details ▸

Rubber tire gantry cranes, rail mounted gantry cranes, automatic stacking cranes, reachstackers, straddle carriers, terminal tractors and parts, top handlers/top loaders, and components of these items

Threatened

(Oct. 15, 2025) 150% HTSUS 8701.95.50, 8709.11.00, 8709.19.00, 8709.90.00, 8426.12.00, 8426.19.00, 8426.41.00, 8426.49.00, 8427.20.80, 8429.51.10, 8429.51.50, 8431.20, 8431.41.00, 8431.49.10

Details ▸

Movies Threatened

(May 4, 2025) 100% All foreign-produced movies President Trump authorized Commerce and the USTR to initiate an investigation to implement these tariffs.

Oil and gas Threatened to start Feb. 18, 2025

(Jan. 31, 2025) TBD TBD

Personal protective equipment, medical consumables, and medical equipment (including devices)

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(Sept. 24, 2025) TBD TBD

Details ▸

Details ▸

Pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical ingredients, and derivative products

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened to start Oct. 1

(Feb. 18, 2025; threatened rate announced July 8, 2025) 100% Announced on Truth Social (Sept. 25, 2025): all branded or patented pharmaceutical products Exemption announced on Truth Social (Sept. 25, 2025): products produced by companies building a manufacturing facility in the United States, including facilities where a company has broken ground

Details ▸

Polysilicon and its derivatives

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(July 14, 2025) TBD TBD

Details ▸

Processed critical minerals and derivative products

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(Apr. 15, 2025; initial action taken Jan. 14, 2026) TBD TBD 🔔 The Secretary of Commerce and USTR will negotiate agreements to address the threatened impairment of national security. A status report is due to the President by July 13.

Details ▸

Robotics and industrial machinery

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(Sept. 24, 2025) TBD TBD

Details ▸

Details ▸

Semiconductors, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and derivative products

Sec. 232 Invest. 🔔 Implemented

(effective Jan. 15, 2026) 🔔 25% 🔔 Logic integrated circuits or articles that contain a logic integrated circuit; are classified in HTSUS 8471.50, 8471.80, 8473.30; and meet certain technical parameters

Details ▸

See stacking explanation below

🔔 Exemptions:

(a) Use in U.S. data centers

(b) For repairs or replacements performed in the United States

(c) For research and development in the United States involving covered chips

(d) Use by startups in the United States

(e) Use in non-data center consumer electronics applications in the United States

(f) Use in non-data center civil industrial applications in the United States

(g) Use in U.S. public sector applications

Details ▸

Steel articles and derivative products Implemented

(effective Mar. 12, 2025; increased June 4, 2025; amended June 16, 2025) UK-origin products: 25%

All other countries: 50% See Note 16, Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification

Expanded

Includes additional derivative products (effective Aug. 18, 2025) See stacking explanation below

Calculation:

(a) Steel tariff applies to the known value of the steel content

(b) Remaining value is subject to the applicable reciprocal tariff (or “fentanyl” tariff for Canadian- and Mexican-origin goods)

Exemptions:

(a) UK aerospace exemption

(effective June 23, 2025)

(b) EU aerospace exemption

(effective Sept. 1, 2025)

(c) Japan aerospace exemption

(effective Sept. 16, 2025)

Details ▸

Trucks and truck parts Medium- and heavy-duty vehicles:

Implemented

(effective Nov. 1, 2025) 25% See Note 38(b), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification See stacking explanation below

Exemption: Vehicles manufactured 25+ years ago

Potential reduction: USMCA (if approved by Commerce on an importer-by-importer basis)

Details ▸

Buses:

Implemented

(effective Nov. 1, 2025) 10% See Note 38(c), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification See stacking explanation below

Exemption: Vehicles manufactured 25+ years ago

Details ▸

Medium- and heavy-duty vehicle parts:

Implemented

(effective Nov. 1, 2025) 25% See Note 38(i), Subchapter III, Chapter 99, HTSUS

Applies by HTSUS classification See stacking explanation below

Exemption: USMCA

Potential reduction: Domestic manufacturer’s import adjustment

Details ▸

Unmanned aircraft systems and their parts and components

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(July 14, 2025) TBD TBD

Details ▸

Wind turbines and their parts and components

Sec. 232 Invest. Threatened

(Aug. 21, 2025) TBD TBD

Details ▸

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Reciprocal tariff exemptions

The following foreign-origin items are exempt from the reciprocal tariffs:

Goods subject to the Section 232 tariffs on articles and derivatives of aluminum and steel, automobiles, automobile parts, buses, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs), MHDV parts, lumber, semi-finished copper and intensive copper derivative products, and semiconductors.

The additional articles listed in Annex II to Executive Order 14257 (as amended), including certain agricultural products, copper, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, lumber articles, certain critical minerals, and energy and energy products. On November 14, President Trump modified Annex II to add certain agricultural products. These modifications are retroactive to November 13.

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Tariff stacking

The following duties and tariffs always stack on top of any other applicable tariffs:

General duties.

Any applicable antidumping or countervailing duties.

Any applicable Section 301 tariffs on Chinese-origin goods.

Any applicable “fentanyl” tariffs on Chinese-origin goods.

The product-specific Section 232 tariffs are subject to the following stacking rules:

The automobile, automobile parts, bus, MHDVs, and MHDV parts tariffs do not stack on top of (a) any other Section 232 tariffs, (b) any applicable reciprocal tariffs, or (c) any applicable “fentanyl” tariffs on Canadian- or Mexican-origin goods.

The aluminum and steel tariffs can stack on top of each other if the product is subject to both.

The aluminum, steel, copper, lumber, and 🔔 semiconductor tariffs do not stack on top of (a) any applicable reciprocal tariffs or (b) any applicable “fentanyl” tariffs on Canadian- or Mexican-origin goods.

The stacking rules for secondary tariffs and the “free-speech” tariffs on Brazilian-origin goods are explained in that country’s section of the tracker.

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Updates and relevant publications

Dec. 6, 2025: Tariff refunds: What U.S. importers should know as the Supreme Court weighs the tariffs’ legality

Oct. 27, 2025: The USTR released a Federal Register notice announcing the initiation of a Section 301 investigation into China’s apparent failure to comply with the 2020 Economic and Trade Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the People’s Republic of China (Phase One Agreement). The docket for written comments will open on October 31, and comments must be submitted by December 1. The Section 301 Committee will convene a public hearing on December 16.

Oct. 15, 2025: The USTR released a Federal Register notice imposing 100% ad valorem tariffs on ship-to-shore (STS) cranes and certain Chinese-origin maritime cargo handling equipment. The USTR also proposed tariffs on additional Chinese-origin maritime cargo handling equipment. Public comments must be submitted by November 10.

Sept. 24, 2025: Commerce released Federal Register notices about newly initiated Section 232 investigations into (1) personal protective equipment, medical consumables, and medical equipment (including devices) and (2) robotics and industrial machinery. Public comments must be submitted by October 17.

Sept. 17, 2025: Commerce published an an interim final rule establishing the process for including additional automobile parts for passenger vehicles and light trucks within the scope of the Section 232 tariffs. Under the interim final rule, the International Trade Administration (ITA) will allow inclusion requests to be submitted by domestic producers of automobiles or automobile parts, or industry associations representing those producers, during four windows each year: at the beginning of January, April, July, and October. After the ITA’s review, non-confidential versions of the requests will be published for a 14-day comment period. The ITA will generate a decision memo on each request within 60 days of submission. A Federal Register notice will be issued shortly after the decision memo identifying the new automobile parts subject to the Section 232 tariffs. The October 2025 inclusion window will open on October 1.

Sept. 15, 2025: Commerce released a Federal Register notice announcing the opening of the inclusions window for the Section 232 steel and aluminum tariff inclusions process. The window will be open from September 15 to September 29. After the submission window closes, the submission window, accepted inclusion requests will be posted for a two-week public comment period on Docket ID BIS-2025-0023 on Regulations.gov.

Sept. 5, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order modifying Annex II to Executive Order 14257. Annex III to the executive order also identifies 1,908 HTSUS subheadings that are potentially eligible to be exempted from the reciprocal tariffs for each trading partner that concludes a trade agreement with the United States. Trade agreement-related exemptions will be determined by the Secretary of Commerce and U.S. Trade Representative.

Sept. 4, 2025: Tariff enforcement webinar: navigating DOJ’s new priorities and increased FCA risk

Aug. 29, 2025: The USTR released a Federal Register notice extending 178 Section 301 exclusions that were scheduled to expire on September 1. The exclusions will now remain valid through November 29, 2025. The extensions are available for any product that meets the description in the product exclusion.

Aug. 21, 2025: Commerce released a Federal Register notice about a newly initiated Section 232 investigation into wind turbines and their parts and components. Public comments must be submitted by September 9.

Aug. 15, 2025: Commerce released a Federal Register notice expanding the list of aluminum and steel derivative products subject to Section 232 tariffs. Effective August 18, 407 additional HTSUS codes will be considered aluminum and steel derivative products subject the Section 232 tariffs. The tariff will apply to the value of the aluminum or steel content in the derivative product. The non-aluminum or non-steel content will remain subject to any other applicable tariffs, including the reciprocal tariffs.

July 30, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order suspending the de minimis exemption, effective August 29, 2025. Shipments that are not sent through the international postal network will be subject to all applicable duties, tariffs, taxes fees, and exactions. Shipments sent through the international postal network will be subject to duties and tariffs based on the transportation carrier’s chosen methodology, which will either be: (a) duties and tariffs equal to the effective, applicable International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) tariff rate assessed on the value of each package; or (b) a per package rate that varies depending on the effective, applicable IEEPA tariff rate. Under the per package methodology, the rates are: (1) $80 for countries with an effective IEEPA tariff rate less than 16%; (2) $160 for countries with a 16-25% effective IEEPA tariff rate; or (3) $200 for countries with an effective IEEPA tariff rate above 25%. “Effective IEEPA tariff rate” means the total “fentanyl” and reciprocal tariff rate that applies based on the product’s country of origin (after applying the “stacking” exceptions in Executive Order 14289, as amended). Transportation carriers may only update their methodology monthly. The exception for postal shipments may be revoked once the Secretary of Commerce informs the President that adequate systems are in place to fully and expeditiously process and collect duties applicable on all postal shipments.

July 30, 2025: President Trump issued a proclamation imposing Section 232 tariffs on certain semi-finished copper products and intensive copper derivative products, effective August 1. By October 28, the Secretary of Commerce will establish a process for including additional derivative copper articles within the scope of the Section 232 tariffs imposed under the proclamation.

July 17, 2025: The USTR announced a Section 301 investigation into Brazil’s acts, policies, and practices related to digital trade and electronic payment services; unfair, preferential tariffs; anti-corruption enforcement; intellectual property protection; ethanol market access; and illegal deforestation. A public hearing is scheduled for September 3, 2025. Written comments and requests to appear at the hearing are due on August 18.

July 14, 2025: Commerce released a Federal Register notice about newly initiated Section 232 investigations into (1) polysilicon and its derivatives and (2) unmanned aircraft systems and their parts and components. Public comments must be submitted by August 6, 2025.

July 14, 2025: DOJ dedicates significant resources to priority of investigating and prosecuting tariff evasion

June 27, 2025: In response to Canada’s decision to proceed with a 3% digital services tax (DST) on technology companies, President Trump terminated the United States’ trade discussions with Canada. The United States is expected to announce a new, Canada-specific tariff rate within seven days. It is not yet clear whether that tariff will be in addition to the “fentanyl” tariffs already in place for Canadian-origin goods that do not qualify for duty-free treatment under the USMCA.

June 12, 2025: Commerce released a Federal Register notice expanding the list of steel derivative products subject to Section 232 tariffs. The new products added to the steel derivatives list are: (1) combined refrigerator-freezers (8418.10.00 HTSUS); (2) small and large dryers (84521.21.00 and 8451.29.00); (3) washing machines (8450.11.00 and 8450.20.00 HTSUS); (4) dishwashers (8422.11.00 HTSUS); (5) chest and upright freezers (8418.30.00 and 8418.40.00 HTSUS); (6) cooking stoves, ranges, and ovens (8516.60.40 HTSUS); (7) food waste disposals (8509.80.20 HTSUS); and (8) welded wire rack (9403.99.9020 HTSUS).

June 3, 2025: President Trump issued a proclamation adjusting the Section 232 steel and aluminum tariff rates and amending Executive Order 14289. In addition to increasing the tariff rate, the proclamation imposes: (1) the increased tariff rate on imports of goods listed in the yet-to-be-published Annex II that were previously admitted to a free trade zone under privileged foreign status when entered for consumption; (2) only the value of the aluminum content of articles in Chapter 76 or the steel content of articles in Chapter 73 are subject to the increased tariff rate; and (3) the reciprocal tariffs on the non-aluminum, non-steel content of all aluminum and steel articles and derivates. Under the amended Executive Order 14289, goods subject the Section 232 tariffs on aluminum and steel articles or derivative products are not also subject to the tariffs on Canadian- or Mexican-origin goods. This exception was previously flipped.

June 3, 2025: The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia stayed its preliminary injunction in Learning Resources v. Trump pending the outcome of the government’s appeal.

May 29, 2025: The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia issued a preliminary injunction in Learning Resources v. Trump, concluding that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act does not enable the President to impose the “fentanyl” and reciprocal tariffs. The preliminary injunction only applied to the named plaintiffs. The government filed notice of its appeal and asked the court to issue a stay.

May 29, 2025: On May 29, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit issued an immediate administrative stay of the CIT’s judgment and injunction. The plaintiffs-appellees have until June 5 to respond to the government’s motion for a stay. The government will have until June 9 to file a reply brief. The Federal Circuit will then consider the motion to stay the CIT’s judgment and injunction pending the outcome of the appeal. In the meantime, the “fentanyl” and reciprocal tariffs remain in effect.

May 29, 2025: Federal court permanent enjoins “fentanyl” and reciprocal tariffs; Trump requests stay

May 28, 2025: The Court of International Trade declared the executive orders implementing (1) the “fentanyl” tariffs on Canada, China, and Mexico and (2) the reciprocal tariffs invalid as contrary to law. The court permanently enjoined each of the relevant executive orders.

May 15, 2025: CBP released the HTSUS modifications to implement Executive Order 14289 (Addressing Certain Tariffs on Imported Articles). The executive order is retroactive for covered goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn for warehouse for consumption, on or after March 4. Importers may request refunds by filing post summary corrections or protests (as applicable).

May 13, 2025: Commerce released a Federal Register notice about a newly initiated Section 232 investigation into imports commercial aircraft and jet engines and parts of commercial aircraft and jet engines. Public comments must be submitted by June 3, 2025.

May 12, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order reducing the duties imposed on imports of Chinese-origin goods that would otherwise qualify for the de minimis exemption, effective May 14. Goods sent through the international postal network will be subject to duties of (a) 54% ad valorem or (b) $100 per item. The per item dollar amount will no longer increase to $200 on June 1.

May 8, 2025: The EU launched a public consultation on potential countermeasures to the U.S. automotive, reciprocal, and aluminum tariffs. These measures may be implemented if the EU’s negotiations with the United States are unsuccessful. Products under review for additional EU import duties include aircraft, automobiles, medical devices, IT equipment, and industrial machinery—covering €95 billion in U.S. originating imports. On the export side, scrap metals and chemicals are being considered for restrictions—covering €4.5 billion in EU exports. Comments are due by June 10.

May 1, 2025: CBP announced that by May 16, it will publish tariff refund procedures and HTSUS modifications to implement Executive Order 14289 (Addressing Certain Tariffs on Imported Articles).

Apr. 30, 2025: Commerce released an interim final rule establishing the process for requesting that additional derivative aluminum and steel articles be subject to the Section 232 tariffs. The interim final rule is effective April 30, and public comments are due by June 14. Under the interim final rule, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) will allow inclusion requests to be submitted during three windows each year: May, September, and January. After BIS’s review, non-confidential versions of the requests will be published for a 14-day comment period. BIS will generate a decision memo on each request within 60 days of submission. A Federal Register notice will be issued shortly after the decision memo identifying new derivative products subject to the Section 232 tariffs.

Apr. 29, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order to prevent the cumulative effect of certain tariffs (also called “stacking”). Thus, (1) goods subject to the Section 232 tariffs on automobiles or automobile parts are not also subject to the tariffs on Canadian- or Mexican-origin goods or any applicable Section 232 tariffs on aluminum and steel articles or derivative products; and (2) goods subject to the tariffs on Canadian- or Mexican-origin goods are not also subject to any applicable Section 232 tariffs on aluminum and steel articles or derivative products. These changes apply retroactively to any entries on or after March 4. CBP will process refunds pursuant to its standard procedures.

Apr. 24, 2025: CBP released the HTSUS modifications that will implement the elimination of the de minimis exemption for Chinese origin products, effective May 2.

Apr. 23, 2025: Commerce released two Federal Register notices about newly initiated Section 232 investigations into (1) critical minerals and derivative products and (2) medium- and heavy-duty trucks and truck parts, as well as derivative products. Public comments are due within 21 days of the notices being published in the Federal Register, which is currently scheduled for April 25.

Apr. 18, 2025: USTR imposes fees and restrictions on certain maritime transport services

Apr. 14, 2025: Commerce released two Federal Register notices about newly initiated Section 232 investigations into imports of (1) pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical ingredients, and derivative products and (2) semiconductors, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and derivative products. The pharmaceuticals investigation will cover finished generic and non-generic drug products, medical countermeasures, critical inputs such as active pharmaceutical ingredients and key starting materials, and derivative products of those items. The semiconductors investigation will cover semiconductor substrates and bare wafers, legacy chips, leading-edge chips, microelectronics, and SME components, as well as downstream products that contain semiconductors (e.g., electronics). Public comments are due within 21 days of the notices being published in the Federal Register, which is currently scheduled for April 16.

Apr. 11, 2025: President Trump issued a presidential memorandum to expand the reciprocal tariff exceptions to include the following HTSUS headings and subheadings: 8471, 8473.30, 8486, 8517.13.00, 8517.62.00, 8523.51.00, 8524, 8528.52.00, 8541.10.00, 8541.21.00, 8541.29.00, 8541.30.00, 8541.49.10, 8541.49.70, 8541.49.80, 8541.49.95, 8541.51.00, 8541.59.00, 8541.90.00, and 8542. CBP will issue refunds for any tariffs collected on imports classified under these headings or subheadings since April 5.

Apr. 9, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order increasing the tariffs that will be imposed on imports of Chinese-origin goods that would otherwise qualify for the de minimis exemption, effective May 2. Goods sent through the international postal network will be subject to duties of (a) 120% ad valorem or (b) $100 per item. The per item dollar amount will increase to $200, effective at 12:01 a.m. (ET) on June 1.

Apr. 8, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order increasing the tariffs that will be imposed on imports of Chinese-origin goods that would otherwise qualify for the de minimis exemption, effective May 2. Goods sent through the international postal network will be subject to duties of (a) 90% ad valorem or (b) $75 per item. The per item dollar amount will increase to $150, effective at 12:01 a.m. (ET) on June 1.

Apr. 8, 2025: CBP released guidance indicating that the reciprocal tariff savings clause for imports otherwise subject to country-specific tariff rates will also remain in effect until 12:00 a.m. (ET) on May 27.

Apr. 4, 2025: CBP released guidance indicating that the reciprocal tariff savings clause for imports on or after 12:01 a.m. (ET) on April 5 will remain in effect until 12:00 a.m. (ET) on May 27. The savings clause applies to goods loaded onto a vessel at the port of loading and in transit on the final mode of transport before entry into the United States before 12:01 a.m. (ET) on April 5.

Apr. 2, 2025: U.S. imposes 10% baseline tariffs; higher reciprocal tariffs for targeted countries (updated Apr. 3, 2025)

Mar. 28, 2025: What impact will President Trump’s reciprocal tariffs have on the United Kingdom?

Mar. 27, 2025: In response to the new U.S. tariffs on automobiles and automobile parts, the Chair of the International Trade Committee in the European Parliament suggested placing tariffs on U.S. digital services.

Mar. 25: 2025: Tariff mitigation through alternative sourcing: Navigating customs country of origin compliance risks

Mar. 24, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order granting the Secretary of State discretion to impose a 25% tariff on imports of goods from any country that directly or indirectly purchases Venezuelan oil, effective April 2, 2025. Unless terminated earlier, the tariffs will expire on year after the last date on which the country imported Venezuelan oil. “Venezuelan oil” means crude oil or petroleum products extracted, refined, or exported from Venezuela, regardless of the nationality of the entity involved in the production or sale of such crude oil or petroleum products.

Mar. 11, 2025: The Commerce Department initiated Section 232 investigations into imports of copper and timber and lumber. The deadline to submit comments is April 1, 2025.

Mar. 3, 2025: The following Federal Register notices implementing the following tariffs were made available for public inspection: (1) adjusted Section 232 tariffs on steel imports; (2) adjusted Section 232 tariffs on aluminum imports; (3) tariffs on imports of Canadian-origin goods; and (4) tariffs on imports of Mexican-origin goods.

Feb. 25, 2025: The USTR is seeking public comments, on a country-by-country basis, about any unfair trade practice or non-reciprocal trade arrangement. The deadline to submit comments is March 11, 2025.

Feb. 17, 2025: The EU released a Q&A document on the United States’ reciprocal tariff policy. The document does not outline specific countermeasures the EU intends to implement but does indicate that the EU remains open to negotiations with the U.S. on balanced trade.

Feb. 11, 2025: Trump adjusts steel and aluminum tariff; directs Customs to increase enforcement

Feb. 4, 2025: U.S. and China in tariff tit for tat; Canadian and Mexican tariffs delayed

Feb. 3, 2025: U.S. imposes tariffs on Canada, China, and Mexico; retaliation promised

Jan. 28, 2025: Key investigations and enforcement trends: Top takeaways for 2025

Nov. 6, 2024: International trade in a second Trump presidency

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Scope is based on products’ country of origin unless noted. ↩︎

The BRICS members are Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Russia, and South Africa. ↩︎

“Column 1 Duty Rate” means the ad valorem (or ad valorem equivalent) rate of duty under “Column 1 – General” of the HTSUS. ↩︎